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Environmental pollution and DNA methylation: carcinogenesis, clinical significance, and practical applications

Yi Cao

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 261-274 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0406-y

Abstract: In this review, the roles of DNA methylation in carcinogenesis and their significance in clinical medicine

Keywords： environmental pollution     DNA methylation     cancer     biomarker     diagnosis     therapy     prevention    

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Prognostic significance of clinicopathologic parameters in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a study of

LIANG Yumei, LI Xianghong, LU Youyong, LV Yali, ZHONG Mei, PU Xiaolu, LI Wenmei

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 87-94 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0016-z

Abstract: The biological behavior of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are highly variable. To investigate the biological behavior of GIST, we collected 83 cases of gastric and 62 cases of small intestinal GIST from the Department of Pathology of the Chinese PLA General Hospital. The parameters include age, primary tumor location, tumor diameter, mitotic index, tumor necrosis, risk assessment, clinical stage and the exon 11 mutation. All these were analyzed in 105 cases along with the follow-up data and tested by log rank and COX hazard proportional model. We find that the average age of gastric GIST was 55.4 years. Of the 62 cases that were followed up, 17 cases had metastasis or recurrence and the 5-year survival rate was (66.51 ± 17.06)%. For the small intestinal GIST, the average age was 50.6 years and 43 cases were followed up. Of these, 22 cases had metastasis or recurrence and the 5-year survival rate was (61.76 ± 18.30)%. Small intestinal GIST was more frequently associated with metastasis and tumor relapse than gastric GIST ( = 6.131, = 0.013). For gastric GIST, patients younger than 50 years ( = 0.046), the advanced clinical stage ( = 0.0001), the large tumor diameter ( = 0.0001), a high mitotic index ( = 0.0001), necrosis ( = 0.0001) and a high risk grade ( = 0.004) were all correlated with a lower survival rate. The COX hazard proportional model revealed that advanced clinical stage ( = 0.001), large tumor size ( = 0.001), a high mitotic index ( = 0.002) and the high risk grade ( = 0.018) indicated a poorer prognosis in gastric GIST. For small intestinal GIST, necrosis ( = 0.036) and advanced clinical stage ( = 0.010) were associated with lower survival rates and the clinical stage was shown to be an independent prognostic indicator. A total of 25 cases harbored mutations in exon 11. The frequency of mutation was 32% and 22.5% for gastric and small intestinal GIST, respectively. In gastric GIST, the mutated was predominant in patients older than 50 years of age. But in the small intestinal GIST, the mutated was predominant in the age group of 40–49 years. In conclusion, for gastric GIST, clinical stage, tumor size, mitotic index, and risk grade are the prognostic indicators. For small intestinal GIST, necrosis and clinical stage are the prognostic indicators. Small intestinal GIST are more aggressive than gastric GIST. The occurrence of mutation may correlate with the age of patients.
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Change and significance of T-cell subsets and TNF-α in patients with advanced malignant obstructive jaundice

ZHU Lidong, CHEN Xiaoping

Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 364-368 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0070-y

Abstract: The aim of this article was to study the influence of immunity function of advanced malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) treated by percutaneous transhepatic biliary external and internal drainage. Ninety-six cases of MOJ were divided into two groups according to the different ways of biliary drainage. Fifty-two external drainage tubes were placed in 41 cases of percutaneous transhepatic biliary external drainage group and 66 metal stents were placed in 55 cases of percutaneous transhepatic biliary internal drainage group. Liver function, serum TNF- and cellular function were examined one day before operation and one week after operation and liver function was re-examined two weeks after operation, in order to observe the change and analyze the asso ciation among them and compare with the control group. All patients conditions were improved after operation. In the percutaneous transhepatic biliary external and internal drainage groups, the total level of bilirubin decreased from (343.54±105.56) μ mol/L and (321.19±110.50) μ mol/L to (290.56±103.46) μ mol/L and (283.72±104.95) μ mol/L after operation respectively, which were significantly lower than pre-operation (<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (>0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of all patients one week after operation was significantly lower than that before operation. TNF- in percutaneous transhepatic biliary external and internal groups decreased from (108.58±19.95) pg/mL, (109.98±16.24) pg/mL of pre-operation to (104.32±19.59) pg/mL, (83.92±13.43) pg/mL of post-operation respectively, there was notable improvement (<0.01) in internal drainage group after operation. Patients serum CD4, CD3 and CD4/CD8 were notably increased, but CD8 was notably decreased (<0.05). There was no difference in external drainage group (>0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups. Serum TNF- and ALT had positive correlation. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary internal or external drainage was an effective and important method to treat MOJ. Patients immune function was weak when they suffered MOJ, but body s cellular immune function can be notably improved after internal biliary drainage.
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Industry 5.0—The Relevance and Implications of Bionics and Synthetic Biology Artical

Peter Sachsenmeier

Engineering 2016, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 225-229 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.015

Abstract:

Bionics (the imitation or abstraction of the “inventions of nature) and, to an even greater extent, synthetic biology, will be as relevant to engineering development and industry as the silicon chip was over the last 50 years. Chemical industries already use so-called “white biotechnology” for new processes, new raw materials, and more sustainable use of resources. Synthetic biology is also used for the development of second-generation biofuels and for harvesting the sun´s energy with the help of tailor-made microorganisms or biometrically designed catalysts. The market potential for bionics in medicine, engineering processes, and DNA storage is huge. “Moonshot” projects are already aggressively focusing on diseases and new materials, and a US-led competition is currently underway with the aim of creating a thousand new molecules. This article describes a timeline that starts with current projects and then moves on to code engineering projects and their implications, artificial DNA, signaling molecules, and biological circuitry. Beyond these projects, one of the next frontiers in bionics is the design of synthetic metabolisms that include artificial food chains and foods, and the bioengineering of raw materials; all of which will lead to new insights into biological principles. Bioengineering will be an innovation motor just as digitalization is today. This article discusses pertinent examples of bioengineering, particularly the use of alternative carbon-based biofuels and the techniques and perils of cell modification. Big data, analytics, and massive storage are important factors in this next frontier. Although synthetic biology will be as pervasive and transformative in the next 50 years as digitization and the Internet are today, its applications and impacts are still in nascent stages. This article provides a general taxonomy in which the development of bioengineering is classified in five stages (DNA analysis, bio-circuits, minimal genomes, protocells, xenobiology) from the familiar to the unknown, with implications for safety and security, industrial development, and the development of bioengineering and biotechnology as an interdisciplinary field. Ethical issues and the importance of a public debate about the consequences of bionics and synthetic biology are discussed.

Keywords： biology     Bio-engineering     Biological sensors     Biofuels     Bio weapons     Virtual evolution     Protocells     Xeno cells     Economicsignificance     Industry 5.0     Germany     China    

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On Social-technical Control of Safety Development in Economic Transition Background

Xue-qiu He,Song Li

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2015, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 234-240 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015025

Abstract: Industrial safety and economic growth, two vital and inextricable forces affecting national culture andFollowing economic growth, industrial safety remains as a high priority in this nation’s quest for sustainableAt present, while China is on its way to transforming its economic structure and growth models, talk

Keywords： safety development     economic growth     economic transition     social-technical control    

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The Spatial Spillover Effects of Infrastructure on Economic Growth in Shenyang Economic Zone

Ying-hui Xiang,Ting-ting Zhang,Qiu-yang Ren

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2016, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 290-293 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016041

Abstract: This article analyses the spatial spillover effects of infrastructure on regional economic growth byusing the panel data of eight cities of Shenyang Economic Zone from 2001 to 2013.growth, demonstrating that the spillover effects of infrastructure in Shenyang Economic Zone are positivegrowth; (3) the effects of local infrastructure on local economic growth are far greater than thosezone, which is related to the level of economic development.

Keywords： Shenyang Economic Zone     infrastructure     spatial spillover     economic growth     coordinated development    

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Insult of gastroesophageal reflux on airway: clinical significance of pharyngeal nozzle

Zhonggao Wang,Zhiwei Hu,Jimin Wu,Feng Ji,Hongtao Wang,Yungang Lai,Xiang Gao,Yachan Ning,Chengchao Zhang,Zhitong Li,Weitao Liang,Jianjun Liu

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 117-122 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0343-1

Abstract:

At the very time of global paying the highest attention to the worst insults of smoking as well as haze on the airway, everybody knows both are exogenous and noticeable. However, people mostly, including many medical personnel, do not know how badly the gastroesophageal reflux (GER) insults on our own airway. Symptoms of GER are commonly seen as heartburn and regurgitation, which can be mostly tolerated. However, when the up going gastric content reversely passes the esophagus and then the distal pharynx, where it appears a beak like stricture, serving as a nozzle, so as to produce numerous micro-particles and reach the oro-nasal cavity and also the airway causing allergic rhinitis and asthmatic attacks, even pulmonary parenchyma lesions. It will reduce life quality or even jeopardize life. The point that the endogenous insult appears in the respiratory system, but originates from the digestive tract is not well known and often undiagnosed and not correctly treated. The GER induced airway challenge is a treatable and preventive entity, as soon as a diagnosis is made, a good relief could be expected by means of life style adjustment, medicine, or fixation of the patulous cardia through radiofrequency or fundoplication. The author Dr. Zhonggao Wang had suffered it for long and symptoms disappeared for 8 years after anti-reflux surgery. Here is a presentation of Dr. Zhonggao Wang and his team’s work and would call attention to the public so as to recognize this relatively unknown entity — a treatable condition occurring from human itself, but not from outside surroundings as smoking or haze does.

Keywords： gastroesophageal reflux     airway     pharyngeal nozzle     micro-aspiration     asthma    

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Scientific significance of ancient maps of Yellow River and Grand Canal for water conservancy in China

Xiaocong LI,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 445-454 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0063-9

Abstract: Based on the study of ancient maps preserved in China and abroad, the systematic nature and practical meaning of the maps of the Yellow River and Grand Canal is demonstrated. It is pointed out that the ancient maps not only record the spatial information of the established water conservancy engineering for river harnessing but also the management systems of the rivers in history. Besides, the maps provide abundant information on nature, humanity, and geography and possess high value in academic research and art appreciation.

Keywords： information     management     established     appreciation     practical    

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Clinical significance of human papilloma virus infection in the cervical lesions

Shuang LI, Yu-Han MENG, Hu TING, Jian SHEN, Ding MA

Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 264-270 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0094-6

Abstract: Cervical lesions have been regarded as the common and frequently occurring diseases in China. Recently, the morbidity and youth tendency of cervical cancer have gradually increased. Cervical cancer, related with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, has been one of the severest diseases threatening health and life of women, and is an infectious disease. The universality of HPV infection in the reproductive tract should not be ignored. The well-known risk factors of HPV infection in cervical lesions consist of high-risk sexual behaviors, immunosuppression, age, contraceptive methods, the concurrent infection of other sexually transmitted diseases, etc. The variation of cervical lesions induced by HPV infection is involved in the continuous pathological process, including the subclinical, latent, and persistent infection of high risk (HR)-HPV, chronic cervicitis with abnormal results of cytological examination, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and cervical cancer. The outcome of patients with HPV infection is influenced by many factors, such as HPV subtype dominance, persistent HPV infection, HPV loading dose, and multiple HPV infection. Controlling HR-HPV persistent infection should be an important strategy for reducing cervical lesions.

Keywords： cervical lesion     high risk-human papilloma virus     persistent infection     loading dose     cervical intraepithelial neoplasia     cervical cancer    

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Increasing significance of advanced physical/chemical processes in the development and application of

RULKENS Wim

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 385-396 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0073-1

Abstract: microbiological treatment methods are, only to a limited part, able to satisfy these needs, the role and significance

Keywords： control     beneficial     valuable     scarcity     Development    

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Artificial bee colony optimization for economic dispatch with valve point effect

Yacine LABBI,Djilani Ben ATTOUS,Belkacem MAHDAD

Frontiers in Energy 2014, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 449-458 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0316-8

Abstract: In recent years, various heuristic optimization methods have been proposed to solve economic dispatch

Keywords： artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm     economic dispatch (ED)     valve-point effect     optimization    

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Life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of the production of wood vinegar from stem: a case

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8,   Pages 1109-1121 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2296-2

Abstract: This research undertook a case study of the life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of theMeanwhile, the total capital investment, total product cost, and cash flowsheet were provided in the techno-economicincrease in the added value of the wood vinegar and the activated carbon could remarkably improve the economic

Keywords： life-cycle assessment     techno-economic analysis     wood vinegar     activated carbon     Eucommia    

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Mass and heat balance calculations and economic evaluation of an innovative biomass pyrolysis project

Quanyuan WEI, Yongshui QU, Tianwei TAN

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 355-361 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0567-9

Abstract: These results showed that the straw pyrolysis project has little risk, and will produce remarkable economic

Keywords： mass balance     heat balance     biomass pyrolysis     economic benefit    

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Environmental and economic assessment of vegetable oil production using membrane separation and vapor

Weibin Kong, Qi Miao, Peiyong Qin, Jan Baeyens, Tianwei Tan

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 166-176 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1616-4

Abstract: Solvent extraction of crude oil from oilseeds is widely applied for its high production capacity and low cost. In this process, solvent recovery and tail gas treatment are usually performed by adsorption, paraffin scrubbing, or even cryogenics (at low tail gas flow rates). Membrane separation, which has a lower energy consumption than these techniques, spans a broad range of admissible concentrations and flow rates, and is moreover easily combined with other techniques. Vapor recompression has potentials to reduce the heat loss in association with distillation and evaporation. In this study, we proved the possibility of combining membrane separation and vapor recompression to improve the conventional vegetable oil production, by both experiments and process simulation. Nearly 73% of energy can be saved in the process of vegetable oil extraction by the novel processing approach. By further environmental assessment, several impact categories show that the optimized process is environmentally sustainable.

Keywords： vegetable oil     solvent-extraction     membrane separation     vapor recompression     environmental and economic assessment    

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Thermodynamic and economic analyses of a coal and biomass indirect coupling power generation system

Buqing YE, Rui ZHANG, Jin CAO, Bingquan SHI, Xun ZHOU, Dong LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3,   Pages 590-606 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0809-6

Abstract: The thermodynamic and economic performances of two systems are analyzed and compared.indicates that the thermodynamic performance of the indirect coupling system is slightly worse, but the economicThe price fluctuation of fuels and products has a great influence on the economic performance of the

Keywords： biomass     indirect coupling system     process simulation     thermodynamic analysis     economic analysis    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Environmental pollution and DNA methylation: carcinogenesis, clinical significance, and practical applications

Yi Cao

Journal Article

Prognostic significance of clinicopathologic parameters in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a study of

LIANG Yumei, LI Xianghong, LU Youyong, LV Yali, ZHONG Mei, PU Xiaolu, LI Wenmei

Journal Article

Change and significance of T-cell subsets and TNF-α in patients with advanced malignant obstructive jaundice

ZHU Lidong, CHEN Xiaoping

Journal Article

Industry 5.0—The Relevance and Implications of Bionics and Synthetic Biology

Peter Sachsenmeier

Journal Article

On Social-technical Control of Safety Development in Economic Transition Background

Xue-qiu He,Song Li

Journal Article

The Spatial Spillover Effects of Infrastructure on Economic Growth in Shenyang Economic Zone

Ying-hui Xiang,Ting-ting Zhang,Qiu-yang Ren

Journal Article

Insult of gastroesophageal reflux on airway: clinical significance of pharyngeal nozzle

Zhonggao Wang,Zhiwei Hu,Jimin Wu,Feng Ji,Hongtao Wang,Yungang Lai,Xiang Gao,Yachan Ning,Chengchao Zhang,Zhitong Li,Weitao Liang,Jianjun Liu

Journal Article

Scientific significance of ancient maps of Yellow River and Grand Canal for water conservancy in China

Xiaocong LI,

Journal Article

Clinical significance of human papilloma virus infection in the cervical lesions

Shuang LI, Yu-Han MENG, Hu TING, Jian SHEN, Ding MA

Journal Article

Increasing significance of advanced physical/chemical processes in the development and application of

RULKENS Wim

Journal Article

Artificial bee colony optimization for economic dispatch with valve point effect

Yacine LABBI,Djilani Ben ATTOUS,Belkacem MAHDAD

Journal Article

Life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of the production of wood vinegar from stem: a case

Journal Article

Mass and heat balance calculations and economic evaluation of an innovative biomass pyrolysis project

Quanyuan WEI, Yongshui QU, Tianwei TAN

Journal Article

Environmental and economic assessment of vegetable oil production using membrane separation and vapor

Weibin Kong, Qi Miao, Peiyong Qin, Jan Baeyens, Tianwei Tan

Journal Article

Thermodynamic and economic analyses of a coal and biomass indirect coupling power generation system

Buqing YE, Rui ZHANG, Jin CAO, Bingquan SHI, Xun ZHOU, Dong LIU

Journal Article